Table of Contents
About the Authors
Acknowledgments
Preface
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION
California is a leader in renewables and electrification
The digital transformation is happening in California and everywhere
The rest of this book
CHAPTER 2 - THE DUCK CURVE
Storage and load shifting
Customer-owned battery storage
EVs
Water heating
HVAC
Clothes dryers, dishwashers, refrigerators, and pool pumps
Storage optimization and load shifting require look-ahead pricing
Subhourly flexibility
Summary
CHAPTER 3 - THE TRANSACTIVE ENERGY VISION
The three systems
SECTION 1: Overview of the transactive energy model
The two products
Three important principles
Storage decisions
The TE process: tenders, transactions, and deliveries
The TE platform
Summary
SECTION 2: The customer in a transactive energy model
How the flexible loads connect with the TE system
Summary
SECTION 3: The transactive energy platform
Transport
Web services and payload
Market-making process and clearing
Scalable and parallel platforms
Summary
SECTION 4: Retail operation with a transactive energy platform
Palo Alto’s utility services
Converting to TE
Summary
CHAPTER 4 - THE AGENT
What the agent is
The agent’s objective
Agents in the TE system
Machine learning
How the agent determines forward transactions for the next 24 hours
Agents working with months-ahead or years-ahead transactions
CHAPTER 5 - THE RATES PROJECT
Purpose of the RATES project
Project results
Customer recruitment and participation
The California PUC granted SCE an experimental transactive subscription tariff
The RATES system was highly automated
The rest of this chapter
SECTION 1: RATES architecture and interfaces
SECTION 2: The TeMix agents
Battery storage agent
Pool pump agent
Electric vehicle agent
HVAC agent
Residual load
SECTION 3: The RATES platform, tenders, and subscriptions
The informational architecture of RATES
Summary
CHAPTER 6 TRANSACTIVE ENERGY ROADMAP FOR CALIFORNIA
What is the path forward?
Retail market design and tariffs
Investment and risk management
Wholesale market design
Regulation
Digital technology
Standards
Will customers be comfortable with high-tech automated energy agents?
Summary
CHAPTER 7 - SUMMARY: IN A NUTSHELL
Glossary
References
